Procedure:

Removal of:

• One lobe of the lung containing the tumor is removed.
• The lungs are divided into lobes, and only the affected lobe is removed while preserving the remaining healthy lung.

Commonly Recommended For:

• Early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
• Localized lung tumors

Benefits:

• Excellent cancer control
• Preserves maximum possible lung function

Surgical Approaches:

• Open thoracotomy
• Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)
• Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS)

Advantages of Minimally Invasive Surgery:

• Smaller incisions
• Less pain
• Faster recovery
• Shorter hospital stay

Commonly Performed For:

• Large centrally located lung tumors
• Tumors involving major airways or blood vessels

Goals:

• Complete cancer removal when lesser surgery is not feasible

Recovery:

• Requires careful postoperative rehabilitation
• Lung function assessment is important before surgery

Segmentectomy:

• Removal of a specific anatomical segment of the lung

Wedge Resection:

• Removal of the tumor with a small margin of surrounding lung tissue

Commonly Recommended For:

• Small early-stage lung cancers
• Patients with limited lung reserve
• Selected metastatic lung tumors

Advantages:

• Preserves more lung tissue
• Useful in elderly or high-risk patients

Common Tumors:

• Thymoma
• Germ cell tumors
• Neurogenic tumors

Procedure:

• Removal of the mediastinal mass along with surrounding involved tissue if necessary

Surgical Approaches:

• Open surgery
• VATS
• Robotic-assisted surgery

Benefits of Minimally Invasive Techniques:

• Reduced pain
• Faster recovery
• Better cosmetic outcomes

Commonly Performed For:

• Thymoma
• Thymic cancers
• Myasthenia gravis associated thymic disease

Surgical Approaches:

• Open sternotomy
• Thoracoscopic thymectomy
• Robotic thymectomy

Goals:

• Complete tumor removal
• Prevention of recurrence

Procedure:

• The cancerous part of the esophagus is removed.
• The stomach is reshaped and connected to the remaining esophagus.

Commonly Recommended For:

• Localized esophageal cancer
• Gastroesophageal junction tumors

Surgical Approaches:

• Open surgery
• Minimally invasive esophagectomy

Recovery:

• Nutritional support is important after surgery
• Temporary swallowing difficulty may occur during recovery

Procedure:

• Removal of the tumor along with involved ribs or surrounding tissues
• Reconstruction may be required using mesh or muscle flaps

Commonly Recommended For:

• Chest wall sarcomas
• Locally advanced lung tumors invading chest wall

Goals:

• Complete cancer clearance
• Preservation of chest stability and breathing function

Procedure:

• Removal of diseased pleura (lining around the lung)
• Tumor deposits are removed while preserving the lung whenever possible

Goals:

• Reduce tumor burden
• Improve breathing symptoms
• Enhance quality of life

Procedure:

• Removal of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes during surgery

Importance:

• Accurate cancer staging
• Better treatment planning
• Improved local disease control

Commonly Performed With:

• Lung cancer surgery
• Esophageal cancer surgery

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS:

• Uses small incisions and a camera to perform surgery.

Robotic-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (RATS)

• Uses robotic technology for enhanced precision and visualization

Advantages:

• Less pain
• Reduced blood loss
• Faster recovery
• Shorter hospitalization
• Earlier return to normal activities